{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "f1c2ea6a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Spiral inductor\n",
    "\n",
    "This example shows how to use PyAEDT to create a spiral inductor, solve it, and plot results.\n",
    "\n",
    "Keywords: **HFSS**, **spiral**, **inductance**, **output variable**."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "1ee8801a",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Perform imports and define constants\n",
    "\n",
    "Perform required imports."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "7edad4d4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "import tempfile\n",
    "import time\n",
    "\n",
    "import ansys.aedt.core"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "418ec1ba",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Define constants."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "c7af80da",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "AEDT_VERSION = \"2025.1\"\n",
    "NUM_CORES = 4\n",
    "NG_MODE = False  # Open AEDT UI when it is launched."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6761f399",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Create temporary directory\n",
    "\n",
    "Create a temporary directory where downloaded data or\n",
    "dumped data can be stored.\n",
    "If you'd like to retrieve the project data for subsequent use,\n",
    "the temporary folder name is given by ``temp_folder.name``."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f017df05",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "temp_folder = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(suffix=\".ansys\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "473d669f",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Launch HFSS\n",
    "\n",
    "Create an HFSS design and change the units to microns."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "c076e50c",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "project_name = os.path.join(temp_folder.name, \"spiral.aedt\")\n",
    "hfss = ansys.aedt.core.Hfss(\n",
    "    project=project_name,\n",
    "    version=AEDT_VERSION,\n",
    "    non_graphical=NG_MODE,\n",
    "    design=\"A1\",\n",
    "    new_desktop=True,\n",
    "    solution_type=\"Modal\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "hfss.modeler.model_units = \"um\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "cabcf348",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Define variables\n",
    "\n",
    "Define input variables. You can use the values that follow or edit\n",
    "them."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "c0607e74",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "rin = 10\n",
    "width = 2\n",
    "spacing = 1\n",
    "thickness = 1\n",
    "Np = 8\n",
    "Nr = 10\n",
    "gap = 3\n",
    "hfss[\"Tsub\"] = \"6\" + hfss.modeler.model_units\n",
    "hfss[\"thickness\"] = f\"{thickness} {hfss.modeler.model_units}\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "0d2cc559",
   "metadata": {
    "lines_to_next_cell": 2
   },
   "source": [
    "## Standardize polyline\n",
    "\n",
    "Define a function that creates a polyline using the ``create_line()`` method. This\n",
    "function creates a polyline having a fixed width, thickness, and material."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "d904cffb",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def create_line(pts):\n",
    "    hfss.modeler.create_polyline(\n",
    "        pts,\n",
    "        xsection_type=\"Rectangle\",\n",
    "        xsection_width=width,\n",
    "        xsection_height=thickness,\n",
    "        material=\"copper\",\n",
    "    )"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e3dbeab1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Create spiral inductor\n",
    "\n",
    "Create the spiral inductor. This spiral inductor is not\n",
    "parametric, but you could parametrize it later."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "5fc115c9",
   "metadata": {
    "lines_to_next_cell": 2
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ind = hfss.modeler.create_spiral(\n",
    "    internal_radius=rin,\n",
    "    width=width,\n",
    "    spacing=spacing,\n",
    "    turns=Nr,\n",
    "    faces=Np,\n",
    "    thickness=thickness,\n",
    "    material=\"copper\",\n",
    "    name=\"Inductor1\",\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "d072d231",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Center return path\n",
    "\n",
    "Center the return path."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "924c5cf0",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x0, y0, z0 = ind.points[0]\n",
    "x1, y1, z1 = ind.points[-1]\n",
    "create_line([(x0 - width / 2, y0, -gap), (abs(x1) + 5, y0, -gap)])\n",
    "hfss.modeler.create_box(\n",
    "    [x0 - width / 2, y0 - width / 2, -gap - thickness / 2],\n",
    "    [width, width, gap + thickness],\n",
    "    material=\"copper\",\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "e97cc287",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Create port 1."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "93ebc255",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.modeler.create_rectangle(\n",
    "    orientation=ansys.aedt.core.constants.PLANE.YZ,\n",
    "    origin=[abs(x1) + 5, y0 - width / 2, -gap - thickness / 2],\n",
    "    sizes=[width, \"-Tsub+{}{}\".format(gap, hfss.modeler.model_units)],\n",
    "    name=\"port1\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "hfss.lumped_port(assignment=\"port1\", integration_line=ansys.aedt.core.constants.AXIS.Z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "cf160bcf",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Create port 2."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "90910283",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "create_line([(x1 + width / 2, y1, 0), (x1 - 5, y1, 0)])\n",
    "hfss.modeler.create_rectangle(\n",
    "    ansys.aedt.core.constants.PLANE.YZ,\n",
    "    [x1 - 5, y1 - width / 2, -thickness / 2],\n",
    "    [width, \"-Tsub\"],\n",
    "    name=\"port2\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "hfss.lumped_port(assignment=\"port2\", integration_line=ansys.aedt.core.constants.AXIS.Z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "aa7e9906",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Create the silicon substrate and the ground plane."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "85c09b3a",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.modeler.create_box(\n",
    "    [x1 - 20, x1 - 20, \"-Tsub-thickness/2\"],\n",
    "    [-2 * x1 + 40, -2 * x1 + 40, \"Tsub\"],\n",
    "    material=\"silicon\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "hfss.modeler.create_box(\n",
    "    [x1 - 20, x1 - 20, \"-Tsub-thickness/2\"],\n",
    "    [-2 * x1 + 40, -2 * x1 + 40, -0.1],\n",
    "    material=\"PEC\",\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "887b2797",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Set up model\n",
    "\n",
    "Create the air box and radiation boundary condition."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "aaf4a1f8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "box = hfss.modeler.create_box(\n",
    "    [\n",
    "        x1 - 20,\n",
    "        x1 - 20,\n",
    "        \"-Tsub-thickness/2 - 0.1{}\".format(hfss.modeler.model_units),\n",
    "    ],\n",
    "    [-2 * x1 + 40, -2 * x1 + 40, 100],\n",
    "    name=\"airbox\",\n",
    "    material=\"air\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "\n",
    "hfss.assign_radiation_boundary_to_objects(\"airbox\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "a21e916b",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Assign a material override that allows object intersections,\n",
    "assigning conductors higher priority than insulators."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "5c4903d7",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.change_material_override()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "9b08a82e",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "View the model."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "ee434aca",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.plot(\n",
    "    show=False,\n",
    "    output_file=os.path.join(hfss.working_directory, \"Image.jpg\"),\n",
    "    plot_air_objects=False,\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "81487527",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Generate the solution\n",
    "\n",
    "Create the setup, including a frequency sweep. Then, solve the project."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "b4019c37",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "setup1 = hfss.create_setup(name=\"setup1\")\n",
    "setup1.props[\"Frequency\"] = \"10GHz\"\n",
    "hfss.create_linear_count_sweep(\n",
    "    setup=\"setup1\",\n",
    "    units=\"GHz\",\n",
    "    start_frequency=1e-3,\n",
    "    stop_frequency=50,\n",
    "    num_of_freq_points=451,\n",
    "    sweep_type=\"Interpolating\",\n",
    ")\n",
    "hfss.save_project()\n",
    "hfss.analyze(cores=NUM_CORES)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "c4ea6f14",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Postprocess\n",
    "\n",
    "Get report data and use the following formulas to calculate\n",
    "the inductance and quality factor."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "804a8ae5",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "L_formula = \"1e9*im(1/Y(1,1))/(2*pi*freq)\"\n",
    "Q_formula = \"im(Y(1,1))/re(Y(1,1))\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ec0e2035",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Define the inductance as a postprocessing variable."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "6aa3c5ec",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.create_output_variable(\"L\", L_formula, solution=\"setup1 : LastAdaptive\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "6713fe0d",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Plot the results using Matplotlib."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "8651cbd8",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = hfss.post.get_solution_data([L_formula, Q_formula])\n",
    "data.plot(\n",
    "    curves=[L_formula, Q_formula], formula=\"re\", x_label=\"Freq\", y_label=\"L and Q\"\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "151514fa",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Export results to a CSV file"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "ab59438b",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data.export_data_to_csv(os.path.join(hfss.toolkit_directory, \"output.csv\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "3926f9e1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Save project and close AEDT\n",
    "\n",
    "Save the project and close AEDT."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "437519f4",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "hfss.save_project()\n",
    "hfss.release_desktop()\n",
    "# Wait 3 seconds to allow AEDT to shut down before cleaning the temporary directory.\n",
    "time.sleep(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "b7a207dd",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Clean up\n",
    "\n",
    "All project files are saved in the folder ``temp_folder.name``.\n",
    "If you've run this example as a Jupyter notebook, you\n",
    "can retrieve those project files. The following cell removes\n",
    "all temporary files, including the project folder."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "f7ef6065",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "temp_folder.cleanup()"
   ]
  }
 ],
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  "jupytext": {
   "cell_metadata_filter": "-all",
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